Краткий конспект подготовки к ЗНО по английскому языку №13 "Environment"

Подготовка к ЗНО. Английский язык.
Конспект 13. Environment

  Our planet Earth is only a tiny part of the universe, but nowadays it's the only place where we can live. People have lived on our planet for many years. They lived and live on different continents, in different countries. People depend on their planet, the sun, animals and plants around them. Environment is everything in the world around us that surrounds and affects all life on earth, including the air, food, water, plants, animals and so on.
  Environment is the place where we live. Since ancient time nature has served people, being the source of their life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and it seemed to them that natural riches were unlimited. But human interference in nature began to increase with the development of civilization. Our ecology becomes worse and worse with every new day. Many species of animals and birds are disappearing nowadays. People destruct wildlife, cut down trees to make furniture. They forget that people can’t live without trees and plants, because they fill air with oxygen.
  There are a lot of ecological problems. The most serious ecological problems are: noise from cars and buses, destruction of wildlife and countryside beauty, shortage of natural resources, the growth of population, pollution in its many forms. Water is everywhere, but there is no ocean or sea which is not used as a dump. Many rivers and lakes are poisoned too. Fish and reptiles can’t live in them. People can't drink this water. So we have to clean the water environment.
  Another problem is air pollution. Air pollution influences the health of people. For example, ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause skin cancer. Normally the ozone layer in the atmosphere protects us from such radiation, but if there are holes in the ozone layer, ultraviolet radiation can get to the earth. Many scientists think that these holes are the result of air pollution. Also, we have problem with nuclear pollution. Nuclear pollution cannot be seen but its effect can be terrible. To make air clear we need good filters at nuclear power stations, at factories, in cars and buses.
  One more problem is growth of population. They don't have enough places to live. They need more water, more food. So it is the reason of the shortage of the natural resources. It is very difficult to solve this problem. Also one of the most serious problems is greenhouse effect. It works like this: sunlight gives us heat. Some of the heat warms the atmosphere and some of the heat goes back into space. Nowadays the heat can't go into space. That's why winter and summer temperatures in many places have become higher. If the temperature continues growing up, the snow on the mountains and ice will melt, so most of the earth will be under water. So every person has to understand how important it is to solve these problems, which endanger people's life.

Online-тест подготовки к ЗНО по английскому языку №16  "Окружающая среда"