Онлайн-подготовка к ЗНО Онлайн-подготовка к ЗНО Онлайн-уроки по английскому языку Онлайн-урок №17 "Scientific and technological advance, outstanding scientists. Infinitive."Онлайн-урок №17 "Scientific and technological advance, outstanding scientists. Infinitive."
Онлайн-урок №17 "Scientific and technological advance, outstanding scientists. Infinitive."
16.02.2016 в 17.00
Конспекты к уроку:
Инфинитив – это неличная глагольная форма, которая только называет действие и выполняет функции как глагола, так и существительного. Инфинитив отвечает на вопрос что делать?, что сделать? Формальным признаком инфинитива является частица to, которая стоит перед ним, хотя в некоторых случаях она опускается.
В отличие от русского языка, где инфинитив имеет только одну форму (неопределенная форма глагола), в английском языке их у инфинитива шесть: четыре в действительном залоге (Active) и две в страдательном (Passive). Заметим, что у глаголов, которые не употребляются во временах группы Continuous, количество форм инфинитива будет соответственно меньше.
|
Вид |
(Active) Действительный залог |
(Passive) Страдательны залог |
|
Indefinite |
to V1 |
to be V3 |
|
toask - спросить, спрашивать (вообще) |
to be asked - быть спрошенным, спрашиваемым (вообще) |
|
|
Continuous |
to beVing |
----- |
|
tobeasking – спрашивать (в тот момент или период) |
||
|
Perfect |
to have V3 |
to have beenV3 |
|
tohaveasked - спросить, спрашивать (уже, раньше, до чего-л.) |
tohavebeenasked - быть спрошенным (уже, раньше) |
|
|
Perfect Continuous |
to have beenVing |
----- |
|
tohavebeenasking - спрашивать (в течение отрезка времени) |
Примеры:
I am glad to hear it. – Я рад слышать это.
This work must be finished today. – Эта работа должна быть закончена сегодня.
It’s nice to be sitting here now with you. – Хорошо сидеть здесь сейчас с тобой.
He seems to have come at home. – Он, кажется, уже пришел домой.
She seems to have been asked about it before. – Кажется, ее уже спрашивали об этом.
For the last few days she seemed to have been talking to nobody. – Последние несколько дней она, казалось, ни с кем не разговаривала.
После данных глаголов употребляется инфинитив:
to agree – соглашаться
to ask – (по)просить
to decide – решать
to demand – требовать
to desire – желать
to expect – надеяться
to fail – не суметь
to hesitate – не решаться
to hope – надеяться
to intend – намереваться
to manage – удаваться
to promise – обещать
to seem – казаться
to want – хотеть
People in modern world can hardly imagine their lives without machines. Every day either a new gadget is invented or an old one is improved. And people treat new inventions differently. Some suppose that gadgets are really useful and necessary, while others find them absolutely awful as they influence people badly. As for me, I am pretty sure that gadgets make people`s lives easier.
Firstly, they do all kinds of dirty and hard work, such as cleaning. Secondly, devices can save a lot of time as well as storage space. For instance, a flash drive can contain the same amount of information as lots of thick books. So, machines help people in different spheres.
However, opponents of this point of view are definitely sure that gadgets affect people negatively. People are reluctant to work due to the influence of machines. People become lazy and disorganized. They just expect their latest gadgets to do everything instead of them. Moreover, more and more people are becoming addicted to their modern gadgets, for instance, computers, TVs or mobile phones. So, they neglect their home obligations, work or school and spend all their spare time in front of a laptop screen or a TV-set.
A striking example of the essential modern gadget is a computer. 50 years ago people didn't even hear of computers, and today we cannot imagine life without them. It should be mentioned that computer technology is the fastest-growing industry in the world. The first computer was the size of a minibus and weighed a ton. Today, its job can be done by a chip of the size of a pin head. And the revolution is still going on. It seems to me very soon we'll have computers that we'll wear in our glasses and earrings.The next generation of computers may be able to talk and even think for themselves, they may help to diagnose illnesses, find minerals, identify criminals and control space travel.
Some people say that computers are dangerous, but I don't agree with them.They save a lot of time. They seldom make mistakes. It's much faster and easier to surf the Internet than to go to the library. On-line shopping makes it possible to find exactly what you want at the best price, saving both time and money. E-mail is a great invention, too. It's faster and cheaper than sending a letter.
In conclusion, I firmly believe that in spite of all drawbacks, gadgets have their benefits, as they save people`s time and let them enjoy life.They have changed our life for the better. So why shouldn't we make them work to our advantage?
Тесты к уроку:
Онлайн-тест подготовки к ЗНО по английскому языку №31 "Научный и технический прогресс"
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